Threats to maneuver warfare are static defenses like land mines and oil-filled trenches built by Iraqi engineers. With 6 months lead time to fortify their positions, Iraqis relied upon their 8-year war experience with Iran. Land mine - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_mine

These obstacles required Coalition engineering teams to breech these defenses to maintain offensive momentum. However, cleared paths inadvertently act as choke points since all traffic are channeled into specific lanes. The columns then become vulnerable to concentrated ground rocket attacks, aerial strafing, and chemical warhead denotation.

Iraqis intended to lit the oil-filled trenches as Coalition forces approached. Resulting fire and heavy smoke would obscure US optical and targeting systems (Allied laser-guide missiles became less effective flying through oil-stained smoke due to refracted laser signatures).

Rollover : Mine fields and barbed wires ringed the Kuwaiti frontier. Mines slowed progress of mechanized forces, while wiring entangled infantry and light vehicles.